Eben Junction

See all locations
36°F
publisher avatar

Business

vintageaviationnews.com

website

Pioneers of Aeronautical Engineering: Kelly Johnson – Designer of the SR-71 and 40 Other Aircraft

In June 1943, the US Army’s Air Tactical Service Command (ATSC) needed a jet fighter to counter the growing Nazi German jet threat. A month later, a young engineer named Clarence Leonard “Kelly” Johnson and his team presented the XP-80 Shooting Star jet fighter proposal to the ATSC. Soon after, Lockheed was approved to develop the United States’ first jet fighter. This project started what would later become the Skunk Works, with Kelly Johnson leading it. Kelly Johnson was born in Ishpeming, Michigan, a small mining town. Johnson won a prize for the design of his first aircraft when he was 13. He graduated from Flint Central High School in 1928, then attended Flint Junior College, now called Mott Community College. He later went to the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where he earned a Bachelor’s and a Master’s Degree in Aeronautical Engineering. At the University of Michigan, Kelly Johnson tested Lockheed’s proposed Model 10 airliner in a wind tunnel. He discovered that the aircraft lacked enough directional stability, but his professor disagreed and informed Lockheed that it was stable. After finishing his master’s degree in 1933, Johnson joined Lockheed as a tool designer, earning $83 a month. Shortly after starting, he persuaded Hall Hibbard, the chief engineer, that the Model 10 was actually unstable. Hibbard sent Johnson back to Michigan to run more tests. Kelly Johnson made some changes to the wind tunnel model, and later Lockheed adopted his ideas, resulting in the successful Model 10. It caught the attention of company management, and Johnson was promoted to aeronautical engineer.