In the 2015 film Mad Max: Fury Road , fans were introduced to Imperator Furiosa, a woman whose driving skill, unconventional appearance and physical disability subverts many of the common expectations for a car movie hero. Though the movie is still named for the franchise’s past hero, Max Rockatansky, the film’s action puts Furiosa at the centre, ultimately portraying her as the victor and new leader of her post-apocalyptic society.
This summer’s prequel intensifies Fury Road ’s focus, tracing Furiosa’s origins, emphasizing her emotional development and even putting her name first in the title.
To understand how Furiosa and other new films challenge car culture’s male-centric conventions , it’s useful to look closely at the conventions themselves — the ways car culture prioritizes men’s stories but also, within those stories, has favoured a certain kind of man in the hero role.
Cars and an idealized manhood
The specific features of this type of man have changed over time, but researchers of the contemporary car movie explain how the genre has used its heroes to embody an idealized manhood that reinforces the dominant values of society.
The term for this idealized masculine image is hegemonic masculinity . The hegemonic man, as a socially constructed stereotype of masculinity, embodies a dominant, if flawed, ideal of what makes a good man in modern life.
He craves action. A man of few words, the traditional car movie hero would much rather talk with his fists. Or his wheels. Of course, this feature also implies that he is physically capable of doing so . In car movies, the car is often portrayed as an extension of the hero’s body; prowess behind the wheel reflects physical ability and fitness. Examples: The Transporter (2002), Rush (2013).
Traditionally, he’s been white. Mainstream Hollywood car movies have centred on white men. Examples: Le Mans (1971) starring Steve McQueen, the first king of the car film; The Italian Job (2003).
Vin Diesel’s Dominic Toretto of the Fast and Furious franchise is arguably the contemporary inheritor of McQueen’s auto king status as the 11th and final film launches next year. These films mark an ambivalent departure from traditions of white-centred representation.
Culture journalist Joshua Rivera notes that the character of Toretto first appeared “to be coded as Italian American,” and that the franchise’s framing of Latinx life as a “monolith” is not “much better than token[ism] .”
He’s a protector. Though the traditional car hero resists talking about it, he feels deeply, especially about duty. This protective impulse matches the cowboy code of B westerns , but car movies, especially since 9/11 , tend to specifically stress protecting the home and family. To be a driver hero has traditionally been to get the girl and to take care of her under the direst circumstances. Examples: Baby Driver (2017), Drive (2011).
He resists authority. Driver heroes clearly have no problem breaking the law, but that’s because car movies consistently create worlds in which the law and morality are at odds. In car movies, the car is often used to establish the hero’s independent streak — his resistance to subordination. But such heroes still have a moral code linked to their positions as protectors. Examples: Smokey and the Bandit (1977), Gone in 60 Seconds (2000).
He is besieged. The most consistent feature of the driver hero is his longsuffering. It stems from the idea that modernity’s advancements threaten to make a man soft, leaving him vulnerable. Forces on all sides threaten his cool, his status, even his life (a central question of many car movies is whether the hero would rather lose his life or his status). In such movies the car, whether as tool or as trophy, allows the hero to showcase his determination and dignity when facing adversity. Examples: Locke (2013), Ford v Ferrari (2019), Duel (1971).
These qualities combined make up the image of masculinity that car movies traditionally reinforce.
Disrupting genre conventions
Furiosa promises a challenge to this image, not just by focusing on a woman, but by placing her struggle within a world that honours the ideals of toughness and independence.
Of course, Furiosa and this year’s other female and gender-diverse road movies aren’t the first to challenge mainstream image of the driver hero.
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