A radio transient with unusually slow periodic emission

Antiferromagnetic insulators offer strategic advantages in spintronic applications because of their negligible stray fields and ultrafast magnetic dynamics. Control of their magnetization and readout of their magnetic state are essential for these applications but remain challenging. Here we report the electrical detection of room-temperature magnetization switching in the canted antiferromagnetic insulator LaFeO3, capped with a Pt or W overlayer. The observation of a large magneto-thermovoltage with an in-plane temperature gradient suggests that the mechanism is the swapping of spin currents in the antiferromagnet. This effect provides a sensitive electrical probe of the tiny net magnetization in the insulator, which can be manipulated by a magnetic field on the order of 10"‰mT. Our results highlight a new material class of insulating canted antiferromagnets for spintronics and spin caloritronics and suggests a method for the electrical readout of magnetic signals in an antiferromagnetic insulator.

Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-10610-4, published online 05 May 2022. The original version of this Article contained a repeated error where the symbol for micrometres "µm" was incorrectly given as millimetres "mm" in the Introduction, Experiments, Results and discussion, Figure 2 legend and the Conclusion. This error has been corrected throughout the text.

Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21207-2, published online 18 February 2021. The original version of this article used a registered trademark name to indicate the 27 genes that comprise the 'DecisionDx-Melanoma' test; which was incorrect References to the gene signature derived from these genes have been amended and are now referred to as the 'Gerami_27' gene signature.

Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98433-7, published online 04 October 2021. The original version of this Article contained errors in the Figure legends of Figure 2 and Figure 5b and in the Results section. The legend of Figure 2. "Chemical structures of substrates, such as (A) (S)-(−)-limonene (1)...

Tangram, gimVI and SpaGE outperformed other integration methods for predicting the spatial distributions of RNA transcripts, while Cell2location, SpatialDWLS and RCTD were the top-performing methods for the cell type deconvolution of spots in histological sections. Lopez, R. et al. A joint model of unpaired data from scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics...

In their paper titled "Alternative oxidase encoded by sequence-optimized and chemically-modified RNA transfected into mammalian cells is catalytically active" Giordano et al. [1] report on a very interesting paradigm that concerns mitochondrial function. Alternative oxidase (AO) is a highly intriguing protein expressed by lower eukaryotes, such as the invertebrate...

A proposal to change how academic performance is measured at an Australian university spurred one department into action. Claire Smith is a professor of archaeology in the College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences at Flinders University in Adelaide, Australia. Heather Burke is a professor of archaeology in the College...

Correction to: Communications Biology https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02966-6, published online 11 January 2022. The original version of this Article was missing data accessions (SRR19134783 and SRR19134809) in the Data Availability statement. "All genome sequence data are available at the GenBank under the Accession number JABETM000000000. Raw sequence data are available at the NCBI...

The pathological changes in epigenetics and gene regulation that accompany the progression of low-grade to high-grade gliomas are under-studied. The authors use a large set of paired atac-seq and RNA-seq data from surgically resected glioma specimens to infer gene regulatory relationships in glioma. Thirty-eight glioma patient samples underwent atac-seq sequencing and 16 samples underwent additional RNA-seq analysis. Using an atac-seq/RNA-seq correlation matrix, atac-seq peaks were paired with genes based on high correlation values (|r2| >"‰0.6). Samples clustered by IDH1 status but not by grade. Surprisingly there was a trend for IDH1 mutant samples to have more peaks. The majority of peaks are positively correlated with survival and positively correlated with gene expression. Constructing a model of the top six atac-seq peaks created a highly accurate survival prediction model (r2"‰="‰0.68). Four of these peaks were still significant after controlling for age, grade, pathology, IDH1 status and gender. Grade II, III, and IV (primary) samples have similar transcription factors and gene modules. However, grade IV (recurrent) samples have strikingly few peaks. Patient-derived glioma cultures showed decreased peak counts following radiation indicating that this may be radiation-induced. This study supports the notion that IDH1 mutant and IDH1 wildtype gliomas have different epigenetic landscapes and that accessible chromatin sites mapped by atac-seq peaks tend to be positively correlated with expression. The data in this study leads to a new model of treatment response wherein glioma cells respond to radiation therapy by closing open regions of DNA.

Correction to: Cell Death & Differentiation https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-022-01009-9, published online 03 May 2022. The original version of this article contained a mistake. The following funding information was unfortunately lost during production: "This work was supported by the MOTI-VATE graduate school of the Freiburg University Medical School (grant to BD) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through the IMM-PACT-Program for Clinician Scientists"“ 413517907 (grant to MTB) and a grant to GH (HA 2128). Part of the project was supported by the Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung (2019.151.1)." We apologize for the error. The original article has been corrected.

Conservation scientists have proposed several rankings of the relative importance of global threats to biodiversity. Here, we argue that relative ranking of biodiversity threats depends on local context and metrics used, and so has little application for conservation. We are in an unprecedented crisis of biodiversity in human history. All...

In this work, we examine the quantum features of a multi-waveguide nonlinear coupler exploiting the second-and third-order nonlinearities. The considered system contains four identical channels, each with a single fundamental transverse mode. The essence of this type of nonlinear coupler is to examine the effect of two or more competing nonlinearities on the generated nonclassical features in this class of devices. Here, we consider the case of second harmonic generation, wherein the fundamental harmonic (FH) fields are up-converted in pairs to double-frequency second harmonic (SH) fields, which are then evanescently coupled with the fields from other Kerr nonlinear waveguides. Using the positive P representation of the phase space, the time-evolution of the density matrix could be mapped to the corresponding Fokker"“Planck equation of a classical quasiprobability distribution. Using Langevin stochastic equation, an exact representation of the system in phase space led to the demonstration of sub-Poissonian property, squeezing, and entanglement. With more effective squeezing achieved in all channel waveguides, the present system with χ(2)"“χ(3) interaction can be a more efficient alternative to other versions of nonlinear couplers such as the quantum optical dimer (QOD) and Kerr nonlinear coupler (KNC). Furthermore, such a structure offers more flexibility in coupled-mode interactions in the form of correlation between the modes in different waveguides. This provides a better mechanism for the generation of enhanced nonclassical effects.

By precisely writing down the matrix element of the local Boltzmann operator (\({\mathrm{e}}^{-\tau h}\), where \(h\) is the Hermitian conjugate pairs of off-diagonal operators), we have proposed a new path integral formulation for quantum field theory and developed a corresponding Monte Carlo algorithm. With the current formula, the Hubbard"“Stratonovich transformation is not necessary, accordingly the determinant calculation is not needed, which can improve the computational efficiency. The results show that, the simulation time has the square-law scaling with system sizes, which is comparable with the usual first-principles calculations. The current formula also improves the accuracy of the Suzuki"“Trotter decomposition. As an example, we have studied the one-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model at finite temperature. The obtained results are in excellent agreement with the known solutions. The new formula and Monte Carlo algorithm could be applied to various studies in future.

The generation of reference data for deep learning models is challenging for reactive systems, and more so for combustion reactions due to the extreme conditions that create radical species and alternative spin states during the combustion process. Here, we extend intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations with ab initio MD simulations and normal mode displacement calculations to more extensively cover the potential energy surface for 19 reaction channels for hydrogen combustion. A total of ∼290,000 potential energies and ∼1,270,000 nuclear force vectors are evaluated with a high quality range-separated hybrid density functional, ωB97X-V, to construct the reference data set, including transition state ensembles, for the deep learning models to study hydrogen combustion reaction.

International Journal of Obesity (2022)Cite this article. The "obesity paradox" "“ in which patients with obesity exhibit superior survival than normal-weight counterparts "“ has been reported for several diseases. However, obesity is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and whether the obesity paradox is present in peripheral artery disease (PAD) is unknown.

Photo-induced cross-linking is a mainstay technique to characterize RNA-protein interactions. However, UV-induced cross-linking between RNA and proteins at "zero-distance" is poorly understood. Here, we investigate cross-linking of the RBFOX alternative splicing factor with its hepta-ribonucleotide binding element as a model system. We examine the influence of nucleobase, nucleotide position and amino acid composition using CLIR-MS technology (crosslinking-of-isotope-labelled-RNA-and-tandem-mass-spectrometry), that locates cross-links on RNA and protein with site-specific resolution. Surprisingly, cross-linking occurs only at nucleotides that are Ï€-stacked to phenylalanines. Notably, this Ï€-stacking interaction is also necessary for the amino-acids flanking phenylalanines to partake in UV-cross-linking. We confirmed these observations in several published datasets where cross-linking sites could be mapped to a high resolution structure. We hypothesize that Ï€-stacking to aromatic amino acids activates cross-linking in RNA-protein complexes, whereafter nucleotide and peptide radicals recombine. These findings will facilitate interpretation of cross-linking data from structural studies and from genome-wide datasets generated using CLIP (cross-linking-and-immunoprecipitation) methods.

Melatonin plays a critical role in promoting the proliferation of osteoblasts and the growth and development of dental papilla cells. However, the effect and mechanism of melatonin on the growth and development of ALCs still need to be explored. CCK8 assay was used for the evaluation of cell numbers. qRT-PCR was used to identify the differentially expressed genes in ALCs after melatonin treatment. The number and morphology of ALCs were investigated by confocal microscopy. Alkaline phosphatase assay and Alizarin red S staining were used for measuring mineralization. Then, we focused on observing the crucial factors of the signaling pathway by RNA-seq and qRT-PCR. Melatonin limited the cell number of ALCs in a dose-dependent manner and promoted the production of actin fibers. A high concentration of melatonin significantly promoted the mRNA levels of enamel matrix proteins and the formation of mineralized nodules. RNA-seq data showed that Wnt signaling pathway may be involved in the differentiation of ALCs under the influence of melatonin. This study suggests that melatonin plays a regulatory role in the cell number, differentiation, and mineralization of the ALCs, and then shows the relationship between the Wnt signaling pathway with the ALCs under melatonin.