Induction of cancer cell stemness in glioma through glycolysis and the long noncoding RNA HULC-activated FOXM1/AGR2/HIF-1α axis

Tragic events like wars, famines, earthquakes, and accidents create fearful memories in our brain. These memories continue to haunt us even after the actual event has passed. Luckily, researchers from Tokyo University of Science (TUS) have recently been able to understand the hidden biochemical mechanisms involved in the selective suppression of fearful memories, which is called fear extinction. The researchers, who had previously demonstrated fear extinction in mice using the chemically synthesized compound "KNT-127," have now identified the underlying mechanism of this compound's action. Their findings have been published recently in Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience.

Tangram, gimVI and SpaGE outperformed other integration methods for predicting the spatial distributions of RNA transcripts, while Cell2location, SpatialDWLS and RCTD were the top-performing methods for the cell type deconvolution of spots in histological sections. Lopez, R. et al. A joint model of unpaired data from scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics...

The pathological changes in epigenetics and gene regulation that accompany the progression of low-grade to high-grade gliomas are under-studied. The authors use a large set of paired atac-seq and RNA-seq data from surgically resected glioma specimens to infer gene regulatory relationships in glioma. Thirty-eight glioma patient samples underwent atac-seq sequencing and 16 samples underwent additional RNA-seq analysis. Using an atac-seq/RNA-seq correlation matrix, atac-seq peaks were paired with genes based on high correlation values (|r2| >"‰0.6). Samples clustered by IDH1 status but not by grade. Surprisingly there was a trend for IDH1 mutant samples to have more peaks. The majority of peaks are positively correlated with survival and positively correlated with gene expression. Constructing a model of the top six atac-seq peaks created a highly accurate survival prediction model (r2"‰="‰0.68). Four of these peaks were still significant after controlling for age, grade, pathology, IDH1 status and gender. Grade II, III, and IV (primary) samples have similar transcription factors and gene modules. However, grade IV (recurrent) samples have strikingly few peaks. Patient-derived glioma cultures showed decreased peak counts following radiation indicating that this may be radiation-induced. This study supports the notion that IDH1 mutant and IDH1 wildtype gliomas have different epigenetic landscapes and that accessible chromatin sites mapped by atac-seq peaks tend to be positively correlated with expression. The data in this study leads to a new model of treatment response wherein glioma cells respond to radiation therapy by closing open regions of DNA.

Correction to: Cell Death & Differentiation https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-022-01009-9, published online 03 May 2022. The original version of this article contained a mistake. The following funding information was unfortunately lost during production: "This work was supported by the MOTI-VATE graduate school of the Freiburg University Medical School (grant to BD) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through the IMM-PACT-Program for Clinician Scientists"“ 413517907 (grant to MTB) and a grant to GH (HA 2128). Part of the project was supported by the Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung (2019.151.1)." We apologize for the error. The original article has been corrected.

European Journal of Human Genetics (2022)Cite this article. The Genetics service at Guy's hospital has dedicated in-house psychology provision aimed at supporting patients embarking on genetic testing through to coping with the aftermath of genetic diagnoses. This provision offers assessment and intervention within a brief 6-session therapy model and provides a range of therapeutic approaches. Patient satisfaction with the service is high and referral rates have greatly increased over the recent years. The Psychology Team also provides indirect support for patients as well as support for the Genetics Team such as contributing to MDT and informal case discussions, as well as teaching and training clinicians about psychological concepts. There are many advantages to having an embedded psychology service both for patients and genetics clinicians, such as good opportunities for liaising around referrals and conducting joint clinical sessions, as well as being easily able to identify psychological training needs. The service plans to further develop by offering group interventions and training opportunities to doctoral psychology trainees. We conclude that clinical psychologists can play a highly integral and essential role in the provision of psychosocial support for clinical genetics teams and provide an overview of the first such integrated clinical psychology service within clinical genetics in the United Kingdom.

The pharmaceutical company Pfizer has voluntary recalled a blood pressure medication for the second time in a month. Pfizer is recalling five lots of blood pressure medicine Accupril because of elevated levels of a nitrosamine, Nnitroso-quinapril, the company said in a news release posted Friday on the FDA website. Nitrosamines...

Walking at a brisk pace for just 75 minutes every week could cut your risk of depression, a new study finds. The World Health Organization recommends everyone should exercise for at least two-and-a-half hours every seven days. But researchers at Cambridge University, England, found adults who got half as much...

Christine Bronstein took at home colon cancer test after seeing blood in her stool. It was positive, but her doctor texted: "You don't have cancer :)"

MILLIONS of Brits have been urged to take up a rapid test to see if they have bowel cancer. The Health Secretary has called on men over 60 to make sure they have the life-saving checkups. It couldn't be easier - with a home testing kit on offer, or use...

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply. The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants possessing numerous...

Correction to: Translational Psychiatry https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01234-9, published online 04 February 2021. The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. After the publication of the article the authors noticed that there is an error in an institution tag that needs to be corrected. For author Zhang Xiangyang institution tag 1 needs to be removed and the tags 6 and 7 that follow need to be retained. It should be corrected from "Zhang Xiangyang 1, 6, 7" to "Zhang Xiangyang 6, 7". The author apologize for the error. The original article has been corrected.

CRISPR base- and prime-editing pooled screens reveal the function of genetic variants at unprecedented resolution. High-throughput screens that rely on CRISPR tools to perturb gene expression are widely used to identify the biological functions of individual genes. Three new studies published in Nature Biotechnology1,2,3 show how CRISPR base-editing and prime-editing technologies can be adapted to increase the resolution of these screens, enabling a more granular understanding of the effects of single point mutations. Systematic, genome-wide approaches such as these for functional testing of genetic variants are important not only in basic research but also in efforts to realize the promise of precision medicine.

During positive selection in the thymus, double-positive (DP) thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD8 coreceptors develop into either MHC class II-restricted CD4+ T cells with helper function or MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells with cytotoxic function, but it has been unclear how coreceptor expression and T cell function are coordinated. T cell receptor (TCR) 'signal strength' models propose that strong signals through CD4"“TCR induce a helper-lineage fate, whereas weak signals through CD8"“TCR induce a cytotoxic lineage fate. 'Kinetic signalling' models propose that longer-duration CD4"“TCR signals versus shorter-duration CD8"“TCR signals determine helper versus cytotoxic fates. Shinzawa et al. now report the generation of FlipFlop mice, in which the coreceptor proteins encoded by the Cd4 and Cd8 loci are reversed, shedding light on the importance of TCR signal length versus strength in T cell lineage fate.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error in the list of authors. Dr. Gurpreet Singhera was inadvertently omitted on the final revision, but had been listed on the previous revision and was intended to be listed as an author. The author list above is with Dr. Singhera added. The authors apologize for the error. The original article has been corrected.

We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), affecting more...

The adventitia of atherosclerotic arteries is innervated by efferent and afferent neurons that modulate disease progression. Ablating the sympathetic innervation to these regions is a potential therapeutic strategy, according to a new study published in Nature.

Correction to: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09074-3, published online 25 March 2022. Yuan-Shih Hu and Karen Ridge were omitted from the author list in the original version of this Article. The Author contributions section now reads:. "Conceptualization, methodology, G.S.M., S.E.W., P.A.R., B.D.S., W.C.L., K.R., L.G., J.L.B., G.R.S.B., N.S.C. Supervision, funding acquisition: G.R.S.B.,...

Suspicious nodules detected by radiography are often investigated by biopsy, but the diagnostic yield of biopsies of small nodules is poor. Here we report a method-NIR-nCLE-to detect cancer at the cellular level in real-time during biopsy. This technology integrates a cancer-targeted near-infrared (NIR) tracer with a needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) system modified to detect NIR signal. We develop and test NIR-nCLE in preclinical models of pulmonary nodule biopsy including human specimens. We find that the technology has the resolution to identify a single cancer cell among normal fibroblast cells when co-cultured at a ratio of 1:1000, and can detect cancer cells in human tumors less than 2"‰cm in diameter. The NIR-nCLE technology rapidly delivers images that permit accurate discrimination between tumor and normal tissue by non-experts. This proof-of-concept study analyzes pulmonary nodules as a test case, but the results may be generalizable to other malignancies.

Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29164-0, published online 28 March 2022. The original version of this Article contained an error in the title, which was previously incorrectly given as 'Single-cell transcriptomic analysis suggests two molecularly subtypes of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma'. The correct version states 'Molecularly Distinct Subtypes' in place of 'Molecularly Subtypes'. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21207-2, published online 18 February 2021. The original version of this article used a registered trademark name to indicate the 27 genes that comprise the 'DecisionDx-Melanoma' test; which was incorrect References to the gene signature derived from these genes have been amended and are now referred to as the 'Gerami_27' gene signature.